Since mosquitoes thrive in the warmer tropical habitats in the low elevations of Hawaii’s islands, the remaining honeycreepers found a refuge higher up in the mountains of islands such as Maui and Kauai, he explains.

Now, this is changing. “With climate change, we are seeing warmer temperatures and we’re watching the mosquitoes move up the mountains,” he says. “(In places like Kauai) we’re watching the populations of birds there just completely plummet.”